
Configuring IP Utilities
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There are two types of time servers in the NTP model: primary time servers and
secondary time servers. A primary time server is directly synchronized to a
primary reference source, usually a wire or radio clock that is synchronized to a
radio station that provides a standard time service. The primary time server is the
authoritative time source in the hierarchy, meaning that it is the one true time
source to which the other NTP devices in the subnet will synchronize their
internal clocks.
A secondary time server synchronizes its time from a primary time server or from
one or more secondary time servers to form a synchronization subnet (see
F
igure 2-5). A synchronization subnet is a self-organizing, hierarchical
master-slave configuration with the primary servers at the root and the secondary
servers of decreasing accuracy at successive levels from the primary servers.
Figure 2-5. Time Servers Forming a Synchronization Subnet
In the NTP model, the synchronization subnet automatically reconfigures in a
hierarchical master-slave configuration to produce the most accurate and reliable
time, even when one or more primary time servers or the network path between
them fails. This includes a case in which all the primary servers on a partitioned
subnet fail, but one or more backup primary servers continue to operate. Should
all primary time servers in the subnet fail, the remaining secondary servers will
synchronize among themselves.
TCP0007A
P
S
SS
SS
Stratum 1
Stratum 2
Secondary
servers
Stratum 3
Primary
server
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