Avaya Configuring IP, ARP, RIP, and OSPF Services Instrukcja Użytkownika Strona 35
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IP Concepts, Terminology, and Features
308627-14.00 Rev 00
1-13
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector protocol that
enables routers in the same autonomous system to exchange routing information
by means of periodic RIP updates. Routers transmit their own RIP updates to
neighboring networks and listen for RIP updates from the routers on those
neighboring networks. Routers use the information in the RIP updates to keep
their internal routing tables current. For RIP, the “best” path to a destination is the
shortest path (the path with the fewest hops). RIP computes distance as a metric,
usually the number of hops (or routers) from the source network to the target
network.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Protocol
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is an interior gateway protocol
(IGP) intended for use in large networks. Using a link state algorithm, OSPF
exchanges routing information between routers in an autonomous system.
Routers synchronize their topological databases. After the routers are
synchronized and the routing tables are built, the routers flood topology
information only in response to some topological change. For OSPF, the “best”
path to a destination is the path that offers the least cost metric delay. In OSPF,
cost metrics are configurable, allowing you to specify preferred paths.
OSPF is a link-state protocol. A router running a link-state protocol periodically
tests the status of the physical connection to each of its neighboring routers and
sends this information to its other neighbors. A link-state protocol does not
require each router to send its entire routing table to its neighbors. Instead, each
OSPF router floods only link-state change information throughout the
autonomous system (or area, if the AS is divided into areas). This process is
referred to as the synchronization of the routers’ topological databases.
With the link-state information, each router builds a shortest-path tree with itself
as the root of the tree. It can then identify the shortest path from itself to each
destination and build its routing table.
OSPF supports CIDR and can carry supernet advertisements within a routing
domain.
- Configuring IP, ARP, RARP 1
- RIP, and OSPF Services 1
- Trademarks 2
- Restricted Rights Legend 2
- Statement of Conditions 2
- Contents 5
- 308627-14.00 Rev 00 10
- Before You Begin 17
- Text Conventions 18
- Acronyms 19
- Related Publications 21
- How to Get Help 22
- Chapter 1 23
- IP Addresses 24
- Subnet Addressing 26
- Supernet Addressing 29
- Autonomous Systems 30
- Figure 1-4. ARP Example 32
- OSPF Neighbors 36
- Neighbor Adjacencies 36
- Designated Routers 37
- OSPF Areas 38
- OSPF Router Types 40
- AS External Routes 40
- OSPF Implementation Notes 41
- Router Discovery Protocol 42
- Route Preferences 42
- Route Weights 43
- Figure 1-7. IP Routing Table 45
- IP Traffic Filters 48
- Chapter 2 49
- Starting IP Services 49
- Starting RIP 51
- Starting OSPF 52
- Starting Router Discovery 52
- Adding RIP to an IP Interface 55
- Starting RARP 57
- Chapter 3 63
- Caution: 80
- Customizing an IP Interface 82
- IP0012A 97
- Configuring an SMDS Address 100
- (continued) 101
- Using the BCC 103
- Using Site Manager 104
- Deleting IP from an Interface 107
- Defining a Static Route 111
- 3.2.4.5/255.255.0.0: 113
- Choosing a Broadcast Type 118
- Chapter 4 123
- Customizing ARP 124
- Customizing Global ARP 125
- (continued) 129
- Figure 4-1. Proxy ARP Example 130
- Customizing RARP 134
- Deleting RARP Globally 137
- Chapter 5 139
- Customizing RIP Services 139
- Setting the RIP Diameter 140
- Customizing a RIP Interface 141
- Selecting the RIP Version 142
- Specifying the Update Mode 147
- Sending Triggered Updates 149
- Listening for a Default Route 155
- Defining a RIP Accept Policy 163
- Chapter 6 179
- Customizing OSPF Services 179
- Supplying an OSPF Router ID 182
- Figure 6-1. OSPF ASE Routes 187
- Setting the Holddown Timer 192
- Configuring Message Logging 193
- Configuring an Area ID 198
- Specifying the Interface Type 199
- Estimating the Transit Delay 202
- Setting the Hello Interval 205
- Setting the Dead Interval 207
- Specifying the Metric Cost 209
- Table 6-6. Cost Settings 210
- Specifying the MTU Size 212
- Defining an Area 218
- Configuring Authentication 221
- Configuring a Summary Route 222
- Configuring a Stub Area 224
- 0.0.0.1: 229
- Policies 247
- Appendix A 251
- Site Manager Parameters 251
- IP Parameters 252
- IP Interface Parameters 254
- IP Global Parameters 269
- Static Route Parameters 276
- Adjacent Host Parameters 280
- Router Discovery Parameters 283
- RARP Parameters 285
- OSPF Parameters 287
- OSPF Interface Parameters 292
- OSPF Area Parameters 301
- Area Range Parameters 305
- OSPF NSSA Range Parameters 308
- RIP Parameters 314
- Appendix B 321
- Routing Policy Parameters 321
- RIP Accept Policy Parameters 325
- OSPF Accept Policy Parameters 326
- Appendix C 343
- RIP Export Filters 347
- OSPF Import Filters 350
- OSPF Export Filters 351
- Appendix D 355
- Route Weight Worksheet 355
- Appendix E 359
- IP/OSPF Configuration Example 359
- 10.1.1.0 360
- 255.255.255.0 (RIP Only) 360
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