Avaya Configuring OSI Services Instrukcja Użytkownika

Part No. 117370-A Rev. ASeptember 1997BayRS Version 12.00Site Manager Software Version 6.00 Configuring OSI Services

x 117370-A Rev. A Figure 4-5. OSI Static ES Adjacency Configuration Window ...4-22Figure 4-6. OSI External Address A

Configuring OSI Services4-34 117370-A Rev. A5. Click on Done to exit the screen.Deleting Static RoutesTo delete a static route:1. Select the static ro

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-35 Creating the DECnet IV to V TransitionFrom the Configuration Manager window, select Protocols > OSI >

Configuring OSI Services4-36 117370-A Rev. AThe Edit DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters window appears (Figure 4-11).Figure 4-11. Edit DECnet IV to

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-37 Parameter: Area Address Alias 1 (hex) Default: None Options: Any valid area address. Function: Assigns the

Configuring OSI Services4-38 117370-A Rev. A2. Click on OK.The Configuration Manager window appears. OSI is no longer configured on the router.If you ex

117370-A Rev. A A-1 Appendix AIP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDNThis appendix describes how to convert an IP address to an X.121 address if you are c

Configuring OSI ServicesA-2 117370-A Rev. AIP-to-X.121 Address Mapping This section defines a standard way of converting IP addresses to CCITT X.121 ad

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN117370-A Rev. A A-3 BackgroundAll Internet hosts are assigned a four-octet (32-bit) address composed of a network fi

Configuring OSI ServicesA-4 117370-A Rev. AThe different classes of Internet addresses* are illustrated:Class A:• The highest-order bit is set to 0.•

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN117370-A Rev. A A-5 Class B:• The two highest-order bits are set to 1-0.• 14 bits define the network number.• 16 bit

117370-A Rev. A xi Tables Table 1-1. OSI Reference Model and Common ISO Standards ...1-3Table 1-2. NSAP Address Structure

Configuring OSI ServicesA-6 117370-A Rev. AClass C:• The three highest-order bits are set to 1-1-0.• 21 bits define the network number.• 8 bits define t

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN117370-A Rev. A A-7 Standard IP to X.121 Address MappingThis section describes the algorithm that you use to conver

Configuring OSI ServicesA-8 117370-A Rev. AExample For h > or = 64:If the host field (h) is greater than or equal to 64 (h ≥ 64), the address corres

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN117370-A Rev. A A-9 ExampleWhere r= h * 256 + iClass B For Class B IP addresses, the h and i fields will always cons

Configuring OSI ServicesA-10 117370-A Rev. AWhere r= h * 256 + iClass CFor Class C IP addresses, the h and i fields will always consist of 4 bits, each

117370-A Rev. A B-1 Appendix BSite Manager Default Settings for OSIThis appendix contains tables that describe the Site Manager default parameter sett

Configuring OSI ServicesB-2 117370-A Rev. AIS Checksum EnableL1 LSP Password NoneL2 LSP Password NoneArea Address 0x490040Area Address Alias 1 NoneAre

Site Manager Default Settings for OSI117370-A Rev. A B-3 ISH Hold Time Multiplier 3Redirect Enable/Disable EnableTable B-4. OSI Static ES Adjacency Pa

Configuring OSI ServicesB-4 117370-A Rev. ATable B-7. DECnet 4 to 5 Transition ParametersParameter DefaultDECnet 4 to 5 Transition Enable DisableArea

117370-A Rev. A Index-1Aaddress conversion, 2-7addressing authority, 1-6administrative domain, 1-4ANSI, 1-6area address, 1-12 to 1-13area address alia

Index-2 117370-A Rev. Aend systems, 1-3, 1-6external domain, 2-7external routing level, 2-7Fforwarding router process, 1-21Frame Relay, 2-8 to 2-15Ggl

117370-A Rev. A Index-3Nneighbor detection, 2-15network addressing domain, 1-6network configuration, 2-1NSAP address, 1-6 to 1-16area address, 1-12 to

Index-4 117370-A Rev. AMax # End Systems, 4-6Max # External Addresses, 4-7Max # L1 Intermediate Systems, 4-7Max # L2 Intermediate Systems, 4-7Max # Le

117370-A Rev. A Index-5External Address, 4-27External Address Metric, 4-28SNPA, 2-7, 4-27static routeadding, 4-30configuring, 4-30 to 4-34copying, 4-33

117370-A Rev. A xiii About This Guide If you are responsible for configuring OSI services on Bay Networks ® routers, you need to read this guide. Be

Configuring OSI Servicesxiv 117370-A Rev. A Conventions bold text Indicates command names.Example: Use the set command. italic text Indicates var

About This Guide 117370-A Rev. A xv FTAM File Transfer Access ManagementGOSIP Government OSI ProfileGSA General Services AdministrationHDLC High Leve

Configuring OSI Servicesxvi 117370-A Rev. A TCP Transmission Control ProtocolVT Virtual Terminal Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase addit

About This Guide 117370-A Rev. A xvii How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Bay Networks product from a distributor or author

117370-A Rev. A 1-1 Chapter 1OSI Overview This chapter provides a general OSI networking overview and describes how OSI routing services for Bay Net

ii 117370-A Rev. A 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal StreetSanta Clara, CA 95054 Billerica, MA 01821 Copyright © 1997 Bay Networks, Inc. All right

Configuring OSI Services1-2 117370-A Rev. A OSI Basic Reference Model OSI is a nonproprietary distributed processing architecture. The International

OSI Overview 117370-A Rev. A 1-3 Table 1-1. OSI Reference Model and Common ISO Standards OSI Network Organization An OSI network is made up of end s

Configuring OSI Services1-4 117370-A Rev. A • Intermediate systems originate and receive data, as well as forward (route) data. The Bay Networks OSI

OSI Overview 117370-A Rev. A 1-5 • Level 2 (L2) routing for routing data between areasYou can configure a Bay Networks router running OSI to functio

Configuring OSI Services1-6 117370-A Rev. A Level 2 Routing Level 2 routing exchanges data with systems located in a different area. In addition, L2

OSI Overview 117370-A Rev. A 1-7 Figure 1-3. Hierarchical Addressing Authority Structure NSAP Structure The basic NSAP address structure reflects th

Configuring OSI Services1-8 117370-A Rev. A Figure 1-4. Basic NSAP Address StructureThe IDP consists of an Authority and Format Identifier (AFI) and a

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-9 Figure 1-5. GOSIP NSAP Address FormatThe AFI for these NSAP addresses is 47, which shows that the network belongs to a

Configuring OSI Services1-10 117370-A Rev. ASimilarly, if you register your OSI network with the ANSI, it is assigned to the ISO Data Country Code (DC

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-11 Figure 1-6. ANSI NSAP Address FormatThe AFI for these NSAP addresses is 39, which shows that the network is registere

117370-A Rev. A iii Bay Networks, Inc. Software License Agreement NOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the

Configuring OSI Services1-12 117370-A Rev. AThe IDP and the first part of the DSP (called the high-order part of the DSP) are the NSAP’s area address.

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-13 Figure 1-7. NSAP Area Address When a router receives a packet, it examines the contents of the packet’s NSAP destinat

Configuring OSI Services1-14 117370-A Rev. A2. Assigned identifiers to the campus routing domain and local areas as follows: Campus Routing Domain Iden

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-15 Because Area A and Area B are not linked to any areas outside of the campus routing domain, the administrator obtaine

Configuring OSI Services1-16 117370-A Rev. AFigure 1-9. Assigning NSAP AddressesSimilarly, after receiving the AAI for the campus network from the ICD

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-17 OSI Basic Routing AlgorithmThe OSI routing algorithm is based on link state information. Each OSI router periodically

Configuring OSI Services1-18 117370-A Rev. AUpdate ProcessIn an OSI network, every router must decide which systems it can reach directly. It finds out

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-19 OSI routers generate LSPs periodically and also when there is a change in the network topology. For example, in Figur

Configuring OSI Services1-20 117370-A Rev. AThe router refers to its link state database(s) when deciding the shortest path between itself and all oth

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-21 Figure 1-11. Lowest Cost Path (Router A to B to ES)Once the router determines the lowest-cost path to a destination,

iv 117370-A Rev. A its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files,

Configuring OSI Services1-22 117370-A Rev. A-- When an L1/L2 router receives a packet, it checks its L2 forwarding database to see which L1/L2 router

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-23 A router partitions a CLNP packet into two or more new packets (segments) if the size of the packet is greater than t

Configuring OSI Services1-24 117370-A Rev. AEnd systems generate hello packets that contain the end system’s subnetwork address, and specify which NSA

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-25 Figure 1-12. Route RedirectingIf the next hop is either a destination system or another router on the same subnetwork

Configuring OSI Services1-26 117370-A Rev. AThe router sends the RD packet back to the originating end system, which has the option of using the RD pa

OSI Overview117370-A Rev. A 1-27 For example, when an L1 router receives a data packet, it compares the destination area address in the packet with it

Configuring OSI Services1-28 117370-A Rev. AInter-Domain RoutingInter-domain routing is possible when paths to other domains are statically defined. To

117370-A Rev. A 2-1 Chapter 2OSI Implementation NotesThis chapter contains information about configuring Bay Network routers with special network consi

Configuring OSI Services2-2 117370-A Rev. AConfiguring Area Address AliasesYou configure area address aliases if you plan on dividing a large area into

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-3 Figure 2-2. Assign Area Address Alias 456 to All Routers in Area XY2.Assigns the area address alias 456 to

117370-A Rev. A v Contents About This Guide Before You Begin ...

Configuring OSI Services2-4 117370-A Rev. AFigure 2-3. Assign Area Address 456 to Specific End Systems3.Finally, to divide Area XY completely, deletes

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-5 Figure 2-4. Divide Area XB into Area X and Area YSee “Editing OSI Interface Parameters” in Chapter 4 for i

Configuring OSI Services2-6 117370-A Rev. AFigure 2-5 demonstrates an improper network design. Figure 2-5. Routers B and C in an Area Partition Due to

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-7 Configuring Static External AdjacenciesA static external adjacency links an L1/L2 router to an address in a

Configuring OSI Services2-8 117370-A Rev. AConfiguring DECnet IV to V TransitionYou can only access the DECnet IV to V Transition parameters using OSI.

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-9 Frame Relay Circuit ModesOur implementation of OSI over Frame Relay operates as a subnetwork in either of

Configuring OSI Services2-10 117370-A Rev. AFigure 2-6. Frame Relay Direct Access ModeOSI point-to-point operation over Frame Relay uses circuit bandw

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-11 Figure 2-7. Frame Relay Group Access ModeGroup access works best in either full mesh environments, or par

Configuring OSI Services2-12 117370-A Rev. AFigure 2-8. Frame Relay Mixed Access Modes (Direct and Group)TopologyConsider the following issues in impl

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-13 Figure 2-9. Full Mesh TopologyIf a router fails or the link to the Frame Relay network fails, the topolog

vi 117370-A Rev. A Intermediate System to Intermediate System Intra-Domain Routing Exchange Protocol ...

Configuring OSI Services2-14 117370-A Rev. AFigure 2-10. Partial Mesh in Hub and Spoke TopologyA PVC that goes down will only cause communication fail

OSI Implementation Notes117370-A Rev. A 2-15 Designated Router SelectionOSI over group access Frame Relay uses the highest system ID for designated ro

117370-A Rev. A 3-1 Chapter 3Enabling OSI ServicesThis chapter describes how to enable OSI services. It assumes you have read Configuring and Managing

Configuring OSI Services3-2 117370-A Rev. A4. Clicking on Cancel to enable default OSI services and to display the next protocol-specific pop-up window

Enabling OSI Services117370-A Rev. A 3-3 Parameter: Router ID Default: Variable Options: Any valid 6-byte system ID Function: Identifies the router wi

117370-A Rev. A 4-1 Chapter 4Editing OSI ParametersOnce you enable an OSI interface, you can use Site Manager to edit OSI parameters and customize OSI

Configuring OSI Services4-2 117370-A Rev. AAccessing OSI ParametersYou access all OSI parameters from the Configuration Manager window shown in Figure

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-3 The Technician Interface lets you modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands that specify the MIB

117370-A Rev. A viiAdding a Static End System Adjacency ...4-21Copying a Static End Sys

Configuring OSI Services4-4 117370-A Rev. AFigure 4-2. Edit OSI Global Parameters Window2.Edit the parameters, using the descriptions in the next sect

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-5 Parameter: Router Type Default: Level 1 and Level 2 Options: Level 1 | Level 1 and Level 2 Function: Specifi

Configuring OSI Services4-6 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: Load Balancing Default: False Options: True | False Function: Specifies whether the router shoul

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-7 Parameter: Max # L1 Intermediate Systems Default: 15 Range: 1 to 1000 Function: Specifies the maximum number

Configuring OSI Services4-8 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: IS Checksum Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Enables or disables the generat

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-9 Parameter: L2 LSP Password Default: None Options: Any text string, 8 characters maximum Function: Assigns a

Configuring OSI Services4-10 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: Area Address Default: 0x490040 Options: Any area address entered in hexadecimal format that is

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-11 Parameter: Area Address Alias 1 (hex) Default: None Options: Any valid area address Function: Assigns the

Configuring OSI Services4-12 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: Max # Learned L1 Intermediate Systems Default: 64 Range: 1 to 4000 Function: Specifies the maxi

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-13 Editing OSI Interface ParametersTo edit an OSI interface:1. Select Protocols > OSI > Interfaces from

Configuring OSI Services4-14 117370-A Rev. A5. Exit the window by clicking on Done. Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window. Param

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-15 Parameter: L1 Default Metric Default: 20 Range: 1 to 63 Function: Specifies the default metric (relative co

Configuring OSI Services4-16 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: L2 Default Metric Default: 20 Range: 1 to 63 Function: Specifies the relative cost of routing L

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-17 Parameter: L2 Designated Router Priority Default: 64 Range: 1 to 127 Function: Specifies which L2 router be

Configuring OSI Services4-18 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: IIH Hello Timer Default: 8 Options: 2 | 4 | 8 | 15 | 30 | 60 | 120 | 300 | 600 | 1800 | 2400 |

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-19 Parameter: Circuit Password Default: None Range: Any text string, 8 characters maximum Function: Assigns a

Configuring OSI Services4-20 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: Redirect Enable/Disable Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Specifies whether a

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-21 Figure 4-4. OSI Static ES Adjacency List WindowContinue to the following sections to add, copy, edit, or de

Configuring OSI Services4-22 117370-A Rev. AFigure 4-5. OSI Static ES Adjacency Configuration Window2.Define the static end system parameters, using the

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-23 Parameter: ESID Default: None Options: Any valid 6-byte end system ID Function: Specifies the end system ID

117370-A Rev. A ix Figures Figure 1-1. OSI Network Organization ...1-4Figure 1-2.

Configuring OSI Services4-24 117370-A Rev. ACopying a Static End System AdjacencyTo copy a static end system adjacency:1. Click on the adjacency you w

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-25 Configuring Static External Address AdjacenciesYou configure static external adjacencies to enable interdomai

Configuring OSI Services4-26 117370-A Rev. AContinue to the following sections to add, remove, copy, or edit external address adjacencies from this wi

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-27 Parameter: Enable Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Enables the external adjacency define

Configuring OSI Services4-28 117370-A Rev. A– If this circuit uses PPP, then leave this field blank.– If this circuit is of any other type, then enter

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-29 Copying Static External Address AdjacenciesTo copy a static external address adjacency:1. Select the adjace

Configuring OSI Services4-30 117370-A Rev. AConfiguring Static RoutesYou configure static routes when you want to control which path the router uses to

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-31 Figure 4-9. Static Route Configuration Window2.Define the static route parameters, using the descriptions tha

Configuring OSI Services4-32 117370-A Rev. A Parameter: Destination NSAP Address Default: None Options: Any valid NSAP address Function: Specifies the

Editing OSI Parameters117370-A Rev. A 4-33 Parameter: Default Route Metric Default: 20 Range: 1 to 1023 Function: Specifies the default metric (relati