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40 Chapter 3 Installing IP telephones
P0937663 03.1
Telephone does not connect to system
If an IP telephone does not display the text
Connecting to server
within two minutes after
power up, the telephone was unable to establish communications with the Business
Communications Manager. Double check the IP configuration of the telephone, and the IP
connectivity to the Business Communications Manager (cables, hubs, etc.).
Slow connection
If the connection between the IP client and the Business Communications Manager is slow (ISDN,
dialup modem), change the preferred CODEC for the telephone from G.711 to G.729. See “IP
telephone server configurations” on page 37.
One-way or no speech paths
Signaling between the IP telephones and the Business Communications Manager uses Business
Communications Manager port 7000. However, voice packets are exchanged using the default
RTP ports 28000 through 28255 at the Business Communications Manager, and ports 51000
through 51200 at the IP telephones. If these ports are blocked by the firewall or NAT, you will
experience one-way or no-way speech paths.
Dropped voice packets
If the LAN traffic in your network environment is heavy, you may experience dropped voice
packets. If this occurs, connect the Business Communications Manager and the telephones to a
local network hub to avoid the network traffic.
The IP telephone monitors the number of incoming voice packets that arrive every five seconds
during a call. If the number of packets becomes less than expected, the user will receive either
broken transmissions or silence. The telephone will display an
INCOMING PACKET LOSS
message for three seconds. If the message is transitory, there is no concern. If the message appears
continuously, it indicates that the voice packets from the sending telephone are not properly
routing over the network. Check the configuration settings of any NAT server, DHCP server,
firewall, and router between the telephone and the sending telephone.
Changing the contrast level
When an IP telephone is connected for the first time, the contrast level is set to the default setting
of 1. Most users find this value is too low. Therefore, after the telephone is operational, you can
increase the contrast level by pressing
Fe a t u r e
•‡ at the telephone.
- Business Communications 1
- Manager 2.5 1
- IP Telephony Configuration 1
- Trademarks 2
- Contents 3
- Chapter 4 4
- Chapter 5 5
- Chapter 6 6
- Appendix A 6
- 12 Tables 12
- Before you begin 13
- Symbols used in this guide 13
- Text conventions 14
- Acronyms 14
- Related publications 15
- How to get help 16
- Chapter 1 17
- Introduction 17
- IP telephones and VoIP trunks 18
- Figure 1 Network diagram 19
- Telephones 20
- IP network 21
- Key IP telephony concepts 22
- Jitter Buffer 23
- QoS routing 23
- Chapter 2 25
- Prerequisites checklist 25
- Network assessment 26
- Resource assessment 27
- Keycodes 27
- Defining published IP address 28
- IP telephones 30
- NetVision wireless telephones 30
- Chapter 3 31
- Installing IP telephones 31
- Choosing a codec 33
- Choosing a Jitter Buffer 34
- Before installing 34
- Using a 3-port switch 35
- NORTEL NETWORKS 36
- Manual Cfg DHCP(0 no, 1 yes) 36
- Field Value Description 37
- Slow connection 40
- One-way or no speech paths 40
- Dropped voice packets 40
- Changing the contrast level 40
- Configuring DHCP 41
- Figure 5 IP Terminal status 42
- Figure 6 Configuration menu 42
- Figure 8 Configuration menu 44
- Download Pending 44
- Customizing feature labels 46
- Moving IP telephones 47
- Keep DN alive 48
- Figure 12 i2050 Switch type 49
- 7 Click on the BCM option 50
- Configuring NetVision records 52
- /symbol.com> 53
- <http:/ 53
- Testing the handset functions 55
- Changing a handset Name 57
- Configuring VoIP trunks 59
- Configuring media parameters 60
- Setting silence compression 61
- Setting jitter buffers 62
- Outgoing call configuration 63
- Figure 18 Trunk/Line data 64
- Configuring a remote gateway 66
- Configuring PSTN fallback 68
- Enabling PSTN fallback 69
- Setting up the VoIP schedule 69
- Configuring routes 70
- Figure 26 VoIP schedule 73
- Activating the VoIP schedule 74
- Turning on QoS monitor 75
- Incoming call configuration 76
- Example configuration 78
- Making calls 82
- Connecting an i200X telephone 83
- Quality of Service Monitor 86
- Port settings 86
- Using firewalls 87
- Using a gatekeeper 88
- The call signaling method 89
- Gatekeeper call scenarios 91
- Typical applications 93
- Setting up the system 95
- Efficient Networking 99
- Network engineering 100
- LAN engineering examples 103
- WAN engineering 104
- Setting Non-linear processing 105
- (8 kb/s) 106
- P0937663 03.1 106
- Traceroute 106
- Enough link capacity 107
- Not enough link capacity 107
- Further network analysis 108
- Reduce link delay 109
- Reducing hop count 109
- Adjust the jitter buffer size 110
- Reduce packet errors 110
- Routing issues 111
- Appendix B 113
- Silence compression 113
- Comfort noise 116
- Appendix C 117
- Network performance utilities 117
- Appendix D 119
- Interoperability 119
- Speech path setup methods 120
- Media path redirection 120
- Gatekeeper 120
- Symbol NetVision telephones 121
- 122 Interoperability 122
- Appendix E 123
- Quality of Service 123
- Measuring Intranet QoS 124
- Recording routes 125
- Adjusting Ping measurements 126
- Measurement procedure 127
- 128 Quality of Service 128
- Traffic mix 129
- TCP traffic behavior 129
- Network Quality of Service 130
- Quality of Service parameters 131
- Fallback to PSTN 132
- Glossary 133
- 134 Glossary 134
- Glossary 135 135
- 136 Glossary 136
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